Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate.It can be contagious or non-contagious in nature.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is required, including drug and non-drug therapy.
Types of prostatitis and treatment
Based on development, a distinction is made between infectious and non-infectious prostatitis.
The infectious disease is caused by the activity of pathogens that cause inflammation of the prostate.Depending on the type of pathogen, a distinction is made between bacterial and fungal infections.The disease can be triggered both by the activity of opportunistic microorganisms, which are always present in a man's body, and by sexually transmitted infections, for example, chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against the background of reduced immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus.A healthy body is able to suppress infections, but inflammation develops against the background of reduced immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle.Its development is caused by congestion of the pelvic organs – impaired blood circulation, lymph flow or stagnation of prostate secretions.Factors provoking the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- reduced immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- Obesity;
- irregular sex life.
Congestive prostatitis is believed to be a disease of office workers.The disease develops against the background of physical inactivity, as a result of which metabolism decreases and prostate trophism is disrupted.
A man's sexual life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity leads to reduced tone of the prostate and stagnation of secretions.This leads to swelling of the organ and the development of inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual acts per day) leads to exhaustion of the organ and can also cause the development of the disease.
Depending on the course, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by an exacerbation of specific symptoms, including:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder cramps;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The process of urination is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, which is caused by compression of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis can be treated quite successfully by administering adequate drug therapy in a timely manner.Without proper treatment it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by a weakening of male sexual function and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be either infectious or non-infectious.In both cases it is characterized by periodic exacerbations during which symptoms become acute.Exacerbations of the disease are primarily accompanied by reduced immunity.
An integrated treatment approach
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all examinations to determine the nature of the inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.For this purpose, an analysis of the prostate secretion is carried out, an ultrasound and an MRI of the organ are carried out.
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug therapy;
- increasing immunity;
- physiotherapeutic methods;
- diet therapy;
- Lifestyle change.
Drug therapy depends on the form of the disease.For infectious inflammation, antibacterial drugs are the main line of treatment.Your selection will be based on the results of the prostate analysis.
With non-infectious prostatitis in the acute stage, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment.The main part of therapy is carried out with drugs that normalize the functionality of the organ.
The complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes taking medications to improve immunity.These can be either local agents (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in tablet form.The choice of medication is solely the responsibility of a doctor.
For bacterial prostatitis, the basis of treatment is to fight infections;In stagnant prostatitis, the functionality of the gland should be improved.
Antibacterial therapy
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis begins with medications to relieve symptoms, normalize prostate function and improve well-being.Antibiotics are the basis of therapy for infectious prostatitis.
The following groups of medications are used for treatment:
- penicillins;
- tetracyclines;
- macrolides;
- Fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are rarely used in urological practice due to the low effectiveness of treatment and a large number of side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that trigger the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the effects of drugs in this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of the drugs.
Nevertheless, a fairly good result is achieved by taking combination preparations.
In most cases, macrolide drugs are prescribed.Their advantages lie in a wide spectrum of action, good tolerance by organisms and high bioavailability, due to which the components of the drug penetrate into the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors have increasingly preferred drugs from the fluoroquinolones group.These are broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs that offer a number of advantages over traditional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs without natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the pathogens' lack of resistance development.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate the prostate tissue, are well tolerated by the body and rarely cause side effects.Most often, doctors prescribe medications containing levofloxacin.Therapy lasts at least 28 days, the medicine is taken in 1-2 tablets.The exact dosage and dosage regimen is selected by the doctor individually.In some cases, intramuscular administration of the drug may be prescribed, thereby shortening the duration of treatment.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
For the complex treatment of chronic prostatitis of a non-infectious nature, anti-inflammatory drugs are used.
Such drugs have a symptomatic effect, relieve pain and stop the inflammatory process.It is advisable to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories - this form of release allows the active ingredient to reach directly into the tissue of the prostate.
For infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in short doses to relieve symptoms.However, for non-infectious prostatitis, they represent the main line of treatment, since antibiotics are not used in this form of the disease.
To treat congestive prostatitis, bioactive drugs are often used to normalize the functionality of the prostate.
As a rule, these are preparations based on extracts from the prostate of young bulls.The drug improves prostate trophism, relieves inflammation and reduces swelling.In non-infectious prostatitis, it is used for a long period of time to treat inflammation.In case of bacterial inflammation of the prostate, this drug is indicated to restore the function of the organ after antibiotic therapy.
For congestive prostatitis, suppositories containing propolis and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed.Such drugs are aimed at normalizing prostate trophism, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Medicines to strengthen immunity
In the complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate is exposed to various medications.In order to avoid re-development of the disease after treatment, a number of measures to strengthen immunity are indicated.
For this purpose, the following is required:
- preparations containing zinc;
- tablets with echinacea extract;
- vitamin complex;
- Vitamin E
Zinc, selenium and vitamin E are necessary for the normal functioning of the prostate.Urologists often prescribe bioactive dietary supplements high in these substances.
It is also recommended to take a vitamin regimen specifically designed for men.Such drugs contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the functioning of the genitourinary system.
To reduce the risk of exacerbations and recovery after antibacterial therapy, injections of echinacea extract are prescribed, but this drug is no less effective in tablet form.
For chronic prostatitis, a vitamin complex should be taken twice a year to reduce the risk of an exacerbation.
Physiotherapy and massage
With chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to eliminate congestion.As a rule, acupuncture, current and magnetic influence methods, as well as darsonvalization are used.Such methods are not used for bacterial inflammation, as they can provoke the spread of pathogens throughout the body through the bloodstream.
Rectal massage is indicated for disorders of prostate trophism.Such procedures are carried out by a qualified specialist – a urologist or proctologist.The massage course includes 10 to 15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, eliminates lymphatic congestion and normalizes the outflow of prostate secretions.A number of procedures make it possible to restore the normal functioning of the organ and have a positive effect on potency.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is carried out only in case of complications.
With infectious prostatitis, the formation of a prostate abscess is possible.This requires immediate hospitalization of the patient and manipulation that involves opening the abscess and removing its contents.
With chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, leading to acute urinary retention.In this case, surgery is performed and a catheter is installed to remove urine.In addition, in severe cases of the disease, fibrosis can occur, resulting in scarring in the prostate tissue.This is an operation in which areas of compaction are removed using a laser.
Lifestyle and diet
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes lifestyle changes, normalization of diet and giving up bad habits.The diet for prostatic inflammation is not strict, but excludes any fast food, semi-finished products and smoked foods.Alcohol and smoking should be avoided.
You should include foods in your diet that are good for men's health:
- Avocado;
- pumpkin seed oil and olives;
- nuts and honey;
- citrus fruits;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented milk products.
If you have congestive prostatitis, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the lower body.
The patient's sexual life plays an important role.If you have prostatitis, you need regular sex, at least three times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable as it depletes the prostate.
Otherwise, appropriate drug therapy, proper nutrition and giving up bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, a man is recommended to visit a urologist annually and undergo a comprehensive examination of the prostate.